Environmental Scanning Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Think about your own understanding of progress and change the executives - Case Study Example At the area where I used to beforehand work, there existed a ton of confusion particularly when it came to sorting out reports, which worried about uses of different programming projects, given that the interface connecting virtual products now and again made trouble (Gill, 2002). The difficulties that we experienced while utilizing different applications simultaneously brought about a definitive report appearing to be fairly disarranged in certain examples. Having experienced such an encounter set me up adequately for the difficulties in the field, and I took in various exercises that have helped me from that point onward. Clearly any new experience presents new hindrances in the smooth progression of work since endless changes must be implemented for congruity of the same old thing. I was incited to buckle down in my undertaking to demonstrate my hypothesis of progress as the best and just way out of the good old framework. In the long run, similarly as the familiar axiom goes, â€Å"Good things go to the individuals who wait,† my vigorous endeavors were showed when the administration capitulated and in the end executed my change hypothesis. The change was not moment. It took a long time until it started to appear that my endeavors were a pointless activity. By the by I had the profound conviction that by one way or another there should be somebody in our demographic who might see the broad and immaculate introduction of information in our organization. I likewise had a group that was not unsettled and which had apparently higher expectations than mine considering the way that my hypothesis of progress was unfamiliar to them before I raised it. With time, it was clear that the organization needed to change with the occasions consequently I was by and by mentioned to disregard the upgrading of the framework completely with the help of experts from different organizations and obviously my devoted colleagues. Before the finish of the update of the framework, I had a helped

The Relationship of Marijuana Accessibility & Substance Abuse Essay Example for Free

The Relationship of Marijuana Accessibility Substance Abuse Essay Theoretical A developing worry in the clinical and psychological well-being field is the connection between cannabis use and further unlawful medication misuse. Because of the ongoing state laws going in Washington and Colorado, there has been a requirement for an examination to address the openness factor in relations to the â€Å"gateway hypothesis† to pot. The dread is that the expansion in availability of weed will bring about an increment of substance misuse and reliance. Hence, this investigation is planned to address the accompanying exploration question: Is the expanded openness of weed connected with the expansion utilization of cannabis and other unlawful medication use. Moreover, this proposition will address the hole in the writing, test and instrument utilized, and the discoveries. The Relationship of Marijuana Accessibility Substance Abuse A developing worry in the clinical and emotional wellness field is the relationship of pot use and further unlawful medication maltreatment just as whether the expansion openness of pot will bring about the expansion of substance misuse (Yacoubian, 2007). In the United Sates, analysts and experts have watched the disputable portal theory of pot for as far back as 30 years (Hall Lynskey, 2005). Corridor and Lynskey give the accompanying operational definition to the passage speculation: â€Å"Drugs whose utilization in some vague way is a reason for the utilization of later medications in the sequence† (p.1). During this time, an assortment of studies have been led and have found observational help to propose that cannabis is ordinarily connected with the utilization of other unlawful medications (Lessem, 2006). A past investigation found that 90% of cocaine clients had utilized weed preceding cocaine (Fergusson, Boden, Horwood, 2006). In another investigation, scientists found that 33% of infrequent and 84% of day by day cannabis clients announced utilizing other unlawful medications (Fergusson, Boden, Horwood, 2006, p. 2). At present, pot is an intriguing issue in the media because of the United States having the universes biggest single market for illegal medications (Yacoubian, 2007). In expansion, look into shows that pot has been found as the most predominant unlawful medication inside the American family units (Yacoubian). Out of the assessed 19 million individuals utilizing illegal medications in American family units, most of patients admitted to treatment offices are youths and youthful grown-ups for pot misuse (Lessem, 2006). This examination altogether influences the emotional wellness field because of the popularity of experts prepared and qualified to work with and treat patients with substance misuse and reliance issues. As far as arrangement, during the 2012 political decision the province of Washington and Colorado passed laws that legitimized the recreational utilization of maryjane (Healy, 2012). To date a gauge of 12 states have decriminalized weed and 18 states just as Washington, DC license clinical cannabis use (Healy). Be that as it may, under the Federal law there is nothing of the sort as â€Å"medical† maryjane (McCarthy, 2004). This is because of the Drug Enforcement Administration’s rules and the Controlled Substance Act which orders pot as a Schedule 1 medication dependent on the accompanying three variables: (1) its high potential for misuse, (2) having no huge methods for clinical use, (3) absence of acknowledged security for utilization of the medication (McCarthy). Furthermore, the Department of Justice obviously expresses that weed is unlawful under Federal Law in spite of state arrangements and acts (McCarthy). Yacoubian (2007) addresses the discussion between criminalization versus decriminalization by looking into tranquilize guideline and strategies inside the United States and the Netherlands. Research found that accepted legitimization, allowing bistros, in the Netherlands prompted a huge increment of pot use among Dutch youth (Yacoubian). Yacoubian presumed that examination recommends that an expansion openness of maryjane will bring about the expansion of medication use. With the end goal of this examination, the operational meaning of openness will line up with Yacoubians, which depends on state strategies and guideline. For instance, sanctioning strategies propose a high availability of maryjane (Yacoubian). In particular, with respect to the current examination the accompanying three states characterize the level availability: Colorado’s sanctioning arrangements and recreational use (high openness), California’s decimalization approaches and clinical use (restricted availability), and Virginia’s illicit strategies and no allowed use (no availability) (Healy, 2012). Because of the contention of late state laws passing and Federal Laws not changing there has been aâ necessity for additional exploration with respect to the unlawful medication maryjane and its belongings (Healy, 2012). Scientists have discovered a noteworthy connection among standard and early pot use and further medication utilize, for example, cocaine, heroin, pills, and so on. (Lobby Lynskey, 2005). Notwithstanding, past examinations inferred that there is a hole inside the exploration in light of the fact that there may have been an overestimation of results proposing the â€Å"gateway hypothesis† known as the recurrence of weed use and later association in other illegal medication use (Fergusson, Boden Horwood, 2006). Lessem (2006) referenced a portion of the impediments to investigate were the powerlessness to gauge tranquilize reliance just as the issues of causality. Likewise, most flow inquire about investigations are out dated and preceding the ongoing laws. This examination study was intended to fill the particular hole depicted inside the ebb and flow look into. As indicated by Fergusson, Boden, and Horwood (2006) their examination brought about overestimation of date; in this way, this particular investigation was organized to guarantee the information is correctly and precisely broke down to forestall difficulties of overestimations. Also, this investigation utilizes a substantial and solid appraisal to gauge tranquilize misuse and reliance, which fulfills the impediments recently referenced in Lessem’s (2006) explore study. It is a worry that as pot turns out to be progressively available, there will be an expansion in substance misuse and reliance the country over (Hall Lynckey, 2005). This examination is expected to address the accompanying exploration question: Is the expansion availability of maryjane associated with the increment of cannabis use and substance misuse and reliance. Thusly, the examination theory for this investigation is that with the expansion of openness there will an increment in substance misuse and reliance. The general motivation behind this examination study is to cover a few introducing factors. To begin with, it is to expand attention to the plague of pot use and further medication maltreatment inside our country. Second, it is to teach people in general on the essentialness of the connection among pot and medication misuse. Ultimately, this examination proposition is intended to assemble and investigate information from states in which ongoing laws were passed allowing increment in availability and utilization of pot. Technique Members The example for this investigation comprised of 450 subjects from the states of California, Colorado, and Virginia. An example size of 150 was utilized from every one of these states, 75 members were understudies from state colleges and another 75 members were patients at restoration and medication treatment focuses. The mean normal period of members inside in the example was 22.23. Among the all out example size, 64% (n=288) were male subjects and 36% (n=162) were female subjects. As far as ethnicity, 42% (n=189) of members recognized as white, 22% (n=99) as African American, 20% (n=90) as Hispanic, 16% (n=72) as Asian, and 4% (n=18) as other. The example was first separated into the accompanying three prior gatherings as indicated by state availability of weed: California members (decriminalized pot/constrained openness), Colorado members (legitimized maryjane/high availability), and Virginia members (illicit cannabis/no allowed openness). Members were then isolated into one of the three subgroups dependent on their medication use and misuse. The participant’s score on the Drug Abuse Screening Test appraisal decided their arrangement in one of the accompanying three subgroups: non-existing/gentle, moderate, and serious. Instrument The Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) was the instrument used to survey the example in this particular investigation. The DAST is a 20-thing psychometric instrument that is purposed to quantify an individual’s medicate use and misuse (Corcoran, Fischer, 2007). The manual demonstrates that a higher absolute score proposes a file of issue seriousness (Corcoran, Fischer). The DAST is scored by the all out entirety of each of the 20 things with scope of scores being from 0 to 28 (Corcoran, Fischer). With the end goal of this examination, members scores are assessed by gentle (scores: 0-6), moderate (scores: 7-13), serious (scores: 14-20). Allude to Appendix A for an example of the full instrument introducing every one of the 20 things. The DAST demonstrates that psychometric instrument has both magnificent unwavering quality and legitimacy (Corcoran, Fischer, 2007). The evaluated inward consistency unwavering quality was determined with an alpha of .92; notwithstanding, the manual doesn't give any information of test-retest dependability (Corcoran, Fischer). The DAST manual shows both a decent discriminant and simultaneous legitimacy for the instrument. As far as discriminant legitimacy, the instrument’s all out score precisely and altogether recognized the gatherings with predominantly liquor related issues from the gatherings with drugâ problems (Corcoran, Fischer). The DAST simultaneous legitimacy was inspected by its huge connection of the DAST’s foundation factors, recurrence of medication use inside a year time allotment, and records psychopathology (Corcoran, Fischer). Technique The members of this examination

Personal Recruiter InMail and Other Communication Strategies That Work

Personal Recruiter InMail and Other Communication Strategies That Work Getting Personal with LinkedIn InMail Today I read an article by Catherine Byers Breet, a self-proclaimed “recovering recruiter,” on “How to contact a recruiter on LinkedIn.” As you can imagine, recruiters get bombarded by InMails and connection requests every day, and it truly takes something to grab their attention. The same goes for other decision makers. But don’t let this stop you. Getting the right person to open your InMail might not be as hard as you think. The question is, how can you write an InMail to a recruiter or other decision maker that they will actually read? First Things First You need the capability to send InMail in order to send an InMail â€" which means you probably need to invest in a premium subscription. Or, you might be able to send an attention-getting connection request and communicate via regular messaging after that, but you’ll have a more difficult time without InMail. Get Personal After handling the logistics, it’s a simple trick to inspire people to open messages: Write something personal! Yep. That’s it. All you need to do to increase the open rate on your InMails is to establish a personal connection. If you don’t, you can be sure that approximately half of your intended recipients will not read what you’ve written. Nevertheless, you’d be surprised how many people don’t bother to take a few minutes to customize a message when seeking to get what they want. The response to their generalized outreach? Radio silence. The Bystander Principle at Work It’s not just on LinkedIn where people are getting lazy about their communications. Take this situation I encountered recently: “I sent out my blog to everyone in my network and asked them to comment, and not a single person did it!” lamented a new blogger friend of mine. What do you think went wrong here? Perhaps her friends read her blog and were afraid to tell her they didn’t like it. Sure, that’s plausible. Perhaps she has low quality connections who don’t support her enough to do what she asks. Kinda doubtful. What’s more likely, I think, is that she did not personalize her invitations sufficiently. When I first started blogging, I went to my closest and most thoughtful friends and family, and specifically, individually asked them to read and comment on my articles. They all helped me out, and many of them still comment on my articles to this day. Thousands of others read the articles and don’t say or do anything. (Hmmmm…. Maybe I should be asking more people in my network for their feedback on specific articles!) The fact is, when people get what looks like a general email with a request, they often don’t do what they’re asked. They’re so busy! And anyway, someone else will do it if they don’t, right? Wrong. You might have heard of the “bystander effect,” a phenomenon where a crowd of people will stand by and not help someone in need; people don’t feel important or needed when they are the recipient of a generic request. But if someone points and says “You â€" I need you to call 911!”, the person will almost always help. I kept this phenomenon in mind on my birthday this year, when instead of creating a Facebook event, I wrote individual messages to people I wanted to invite. This was a riskier strategy than sending out a generic invitation, and I was more vulnerable. The result? My friends felt wanted and actually scheduled their Father’s Day plans around my birthday party. It worked! Getting Personal with LinkedIn InMail When you’re not reaching out to friends who have an automatic personal connection with you, you need to establish one. Breaking through that barrier might be as simple as mentioning a mutual connection (someone you really know). Or you could refer to an article written by the person you want to connect with, or that mentions the person. All these points of connection can be found with simple LinkedIn searches. If your LinkedIn investigations come up blank, try googling the person and their company. Look at their blog if they have one, or their company website. You’re likely to find some interesting information that you can use as a conversation starter. Ms. Byers Breet discovered a mutual interest in SCUBA diving with her intended connection and was able to get creative with that, going so far as to mention seahorses in her subject line! She got a response within 10 minutes. If you’re not so fortunate as to discover an eclectic mutual interest, you can always try the direct approach. Byers Breet suggests: “I’m a healthcare data analyst. Do you ever need folks like me?” Another pointer: The shorter the better. Start with your main point and don’t go much beyond that. You’ll need to catch their attention in the first 255 characters, which is what will appear in the notification about your message. I highly recommend Byers Breet’s article for sample emails to recruiters that include humor and sizzle. Model after those, whether you’re writing to a recruiter or someone else! Do you see anywhere in your life where you’re sending out a general request when a personalized one would work better? Please share â€" and if you try something new, please report the results!

Essay On Ella Baker - 1088 Words

Did you know when Ella was six years old she hit a boy for calling her nigger?Ella Baker was the most inspiring person to change color people’s lives. First, Ella was apart of the SCLC and the NAACP, through those organizations Ella was able to help many lives. Second, Ella helped the rise of M.L.K, she got no credit for the work she did with him. Colored women never got the rights they deserved in Ella’s life time. Ella inspired many people, Ella made people believe that everyone was equal. Ella was apart of the SCLC , SNCC,and NAACP, through those organizations Ella was able to help many lives. To begin, according to Susan Gushee O’Malley â€Å"She was named acting director of the SCLC and set about organizing the crusade to open†¦show more content†¦To explain, according to Thomson Gale â€Å"The majority of members were men and ministers, and they were not always ready to listen to an opinionated woman who was not part of the clergy†. F urther on, Even in the SCLC they didn’t always listen to what women had to say. The SCLC claimed to want rights for everyone and to help people, but they didn’t listen to their own advice. If the SCLC respected women more than they did maybe Ella Baker would have stayed with them. But everything happens for a reason, if she did not leave the SCLC then she wouldn’t have went to the NAACP and did all the work she did there. According to msbush.wikispaces.com â€Å"Even more disappointing to her was Dr. King s unequal treatment between her and other males in the group.† To go on, Martin Luther King Jr. did not treat women equal to men. Ella never got the credit or the respect from M.L.K, so she decided to leave the SCLC and join some other group so Ella could continue fighting for color people rights. Rosa Parks explained, â€Å"Ella felt that the men [like MLK Jr.] wanted all the glory. And she was going to be working behind the scenes, and she wanted her just deserts†¦ but they weren’t about to give it to her, and so she decided that she couldn’t take it.† In light of, Ella believed that she couldn’t work with M.L.K because she thought he wanted glory and didn’t want to give any credit to Ella. But she was notShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Life of Ella Baker1856 Words   |  8 PagesGive light and people will find the way, Said Ella Baker. She was a woman, who even in the darkest hour, gave light to people everywhere. Being a Civil Rights activist in the 1930’s, she was one of the leading figures in the Civil Rights Movement. She dedicated her life to fighting for freedom and equality, and she deserves to be recognized worldwide. Ella Baker was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1903. She always had strong opinions, and â€Å"followed her own mind†. However, she was influenced by herRead MoreElla Baker and the Black Freedom Movement Essay2896 Words   |  12 PagesREVIEW ELLA BAKER AND THE BLACK FREEDOM MOVEMENT BARBARA RANSBY Ella Josephine Baker was a giant among civil rights activists. Spanning nearly half the twentieth century, her long and varied career enabled her to touch many lives and leave a unique imprint on the cultural, social, political and economical transitions of both African Americans and society as a whole, specifically during the tumultuous decade of the 1960s. In contrast to other leading activists of her day, Baker ferventlyRead MoreBlack Americans And The Black Freedom Struggle1372 Words   |  6 Pagesto them. In this ongoing fight for Black Freedom, many influential Black leaders stepped up. One of them is one of the most important figures in the Black freedom struggle history, Ella Baker. This essay will first, explain key issues on Black Americans’ freedom in housing and school to prison pipeline, then identify Ella Baker’s theory in the Black Freedom Struggle, and finally define what freedom means. It’s the American dream to own a house with beautiful white fences and yard and live joyfullyRead More The Role of African American Women in the Civil Rights Movement2583 Words   |  11 Pageseventually gain citizenship through education. The citizenship schools are what Septima Clark is most famous for, and for good reason. They not only increased literacy and education, they also served to empower African Americans, especially women. In her essay, â€Å"Septima Clark and the Struggle for Human Rights†, Grace Jordan McFadden writes, â€Å"Clark contended that women who participated in the citizenship education became aroused citizens and assumed positive roles in the quest for civil as well as women’sRead MoreEssay One: Final Version960 Words   |  4 PagesEssay One: Final Version How Family Folklore Alters Through Experience Over Time Elders in a family often tell youngsters stories of their past. Moreover, Steven Zeitlin, Amy Kotkin, and Holly Cutting Baker, assert in â€Å"Family Stories† that â€Å"Family stories are usually based on real incidents which become embellished over the years† (10). These stories tend to change as people age and experience various situations. Canfield’s short story â€Å"Sex Education† depicts Aunt Minnie, a woman who faced a traumaticRead MoreAn Extended Definition of Beauty Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pagesexplain another as beautiful by using any of these synonyms of beauties. Two antonyms of beauty are ugly, and unloving. In fact, beauty has many antonyms but ugly and unloving are the most common ones used towards others. For example, as stated in Ella Wheeler Wilcox’s quote, â€Å"A weed is but an unloved flower,† states that beauty is not found in items one considers to be ugly. Also, a person with an ugly heart can be known as a person with an unloving heart. Next, the definition of the word ugly isRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement And Its Impact1877 Words   |  8 PagesJim Crow laws. On the path to equality African Americans have used a variety of approaches to secure their basic rights. Over the course of this movement different voices have spoken with their message of basic human equality being the same. In this essay I will discuss the 3 phases of the Civil Rights movement and its impact today. As discussed in Chapter 10 of African American Politics there were three distinct phases of the era: lobbying (1905-1929), litigation (1930-1950) and direct action (1950-1968)Read MoreAnalysis Of The Writing Style Of Octavia Butler1432 Words   |  6 Pages Tinotenda Muchenje Dr. Shinn Sophomore Seminar 25 September 2017 First Essay Assignment Kindred By Octavia Butler The writing style of Octavia Butler is heavily influenced by her historical period and her life experiences. This is evident through investigation of her historical period, life experiences, her novel; Kindred. Butler’s writing is a unique mixture of neo- slave narratives, exaggerated tales, cultural rituals, fantasy, folklore, science fiction, and spirituality. Butler usesRead MoreA Brief Note On Basic And Non Basic Sentences2362 Words   |  10 PagesCentral American countries, and is thus the official language of numerous countries, including Spain, Mexico, Costa Rica and Venezuela. (Worldatlas, 2015) The following essay will demonstrate and analyze basic and non-basic sentences in Spanish using Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) framework. Some of the example from this essay is created on my own, examples from other sources will be stated. Basic Sentences Spanish is a configuarational language but compare with English, the word order in SpanishRead MoreThe Struggles and Movement for Black America1646 Words   |  7 PagesESSAY PART ONE: THESIS I. Introduction paragraph A. Thesis Statement Over the centuries, the African people have endured many trials, obstacles, and tribulations. From the moment that they were kidnapped from their homeland, and had been savagely placed in the cargo holds on ships to be sold into slavery to the American people, the Africans (now known in the United States of America as African Americans or Black people) have journey far to achieve, as well as, accomplished what was

The Theory Used By Epicurus - 1078 Words

All over the world, throughout all time eras, it seems as though humans have always been asking the fundamental question, what is goodness? Perspectives vary by culture, religion and from person to person depending on countless variables. This question particularly interested the philosophers Plato and Epicurus. Although both men had fully rational, valid, and interesting takes on the idea of goodness, my argument is that Epicurus’ ideology- in my opinion- is the most reasonable answer. In this essay, I will begin by explaining Epicurus’ hedonistic view, I will then explain why Plato dissents, and then I will finish off by explaining why I believe Epicurus’ idea is more reasonable. Hedonism- the idea that pleasure is the greatest good, was the ethical theory used by Epicurus to show us how to live a happy life. A prominent belief of his was that we needed to master our desires. To do this, we must first understand our desires and where they come from. This means being able to look at your desires, and understand those that are necessary for survival, for your happiness, and those which are not necessary at all. By doing this, Epicurus would say that you will be able to make wise decisions which will ultimately lead to a happy life. Epicurus makes the point saying that when we judge something, let s say a car for instance, we judge it based on how it makes us feel. Does this car give you pleasure? Does it irritate you or cause you pain? If it does cause you pain,Show MoreRelatedAll Great Minds Think Alike...Sometimes Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagessame direction. But in the case of great minds like Epicurus (342 – 270 B.C.E.) and Epictetus (50 – 130 C.E.), the road toward their common goal differed. Both Epicurus and Epictetus believe that it is in human nature to seek out pleasure and that happiness implicates serenity. However, Epicurus differs from Epictetus in that Epicurus does not believe that it is the virtues that bring about happiness, but rather, one’s own pleasure. While both Epicurus and Epictetus confer their opinions on happinessRead MoreThe Ethical Theories Of Aristotle s Theory Of A Life Well Spent On The Planet959 Words   |  4 Pageschapter on ethics. Aristotle’s theory on how we should live our lives is noble and worthy of being used as an example of what humans should attempt to become during the time allotted on the earth, but his theory seems to be unnecessarily complicated and tedious. Epicurus provides a theory that is more holistic but also is not without its defects, primarily that of treating the virtues as merely a means to an end. My want is to take portions of each philosopher’s theory and meld them into one synthesisRead MoreSuicide, may be said to happen, if and only if, there is an intentional end of someones life. The800 Words   |  4 Pagesprovides no strong and fast answers about suicide - each case is separate rely on its consequences. It is disputable whether a person decease is legitimately reducing the amount of suffering and/or incremental the general prosperity. Utilitarianism, the theory of ethics which judges actions in condition of the consequences. If the consequences are good, then the actions are also good. If the consequences are not good, then the actions are also judge as not being good. Goodness is in deflect judged in conditionRead MoreReflection On Knowledge And Philosophy890 Words   |  4 Pageswith the philosophy of Socrates. As I studied his work I found that Socrates pulled knowledge from others and formulating his philosophical theories. In his coined method, the Socratic Method he the questions in order to pull truth out of people. I do a lot of motivational speaking and preaching. I notice that without out knowledge of this method, I have used this for many years in order to get other to receive the message that I am trying to convey. I like to use situations and experiences that haveRead MoreThe Intellectual Movement Of Ancient Greece1624 Words   |  7 Pagesthought. According to them, philosophical thinking, which st rictly focuses on the use of reason and logic (Pojman and Vaughn 2), offered the only tools that would allow them find the true sources of happiness. A prime example of a civilization that used critical thinking and reason to identify these seemingly complex elements were the ancient Greeks. Essentially, Greek philosophy attempted to find rational answers to basic questions about man and the universe (Owens). These questions included theRead MoreEpicurus And Epicureanism ( Pghc11181 )2053 Words   |  9 PagesB099785 Epicurus and Epicureanism (PGHC11181) Epicurus on the Gods: Realism or Idealism? Conflict between two interpretative parties. It is commonly accepted that in antiquity people always believed in gods regardless of their stature. Taking into consideration the different periods of history, there have been observed cases of incredulity and skepticism as far as the existence of Gods was concerned. The disbelief over gods and generally divergences on the traditional way of treating gods developedRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism1642 Words   |  7 Pagesbased his controversial sentiments of happiness on Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarianism, believing that goods are the means to greatest happiness for the greatest number of peoples. Epicurus, an Ancient Greek philosopher, who similarly encouraged people to follow his pleasure based philosophy to obtain happiness. Unlike Mill, Epicurus’ philosophy is based on individualistic hedonism, which often may seem more practical and acceptable. Although, Mill’s utilitarianism is indeed a form of social hedonism ratherRead MoreWestern Civilization And Its Impact On Modern Society942 Words   |  4 Pagesuniverse was made of, Anaximander continued the study along with Heraclitus. Democritus came up with the theory that the universe is made up of atoms. The four of these men together came up with the theory of, â€Å"four simple substances made up the universe: fire, air earth, and water† (McKay 59). One philosopher also came up with medical help, Hippocrates became the father of medicine because he used knowledge instead of magic to figure out the â€Å"workings of the body† (McKay 59). Socrates later came aroundRead MoreDeath Is Not Death?2195 Words   |  9 Pagesthe unknown. Epicurus however did not have any fear of death, he believed that death was simply nothing to us and that fearing being dead was senseless because we would not be present to actually experience it. According to Epicurus we should not fear death because our soul dies along with our bodies, because it is irrational to fear nonexistence as we have experienced it before and lastly because fearing death can only take away from us enjoying the short time we have on earth. Epicurus himself wasRead MoreDefining Characteristics From Western Civilization946 Words   |  4 Pagesuniverse was made of, Anaximander continued the study along with Heraclitus. Democritus came up with the theory that the universe is made up of atoms. The four of these men together came up with the theory of, â€Å"four simple substances made up the universe: fire, air earth, and water† (McKay 59). One philosopher also came up with medical help, Hippocrates became the father of medicine because he used knowledge instead of magic to figure out the â€Å"workings of the body† (McKay 59). Socrates later came around

India Fashion Free Essays

TABLE OF CONTENTS| | | Page| -| INTRODUCTION – India’s â€Å"design† leap forward? | 3| 1| INDIA’S UNIQUE ECONOMY – AN OVERVIEW| 4| 2| FACETS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY| | 2. 1| India in the last decade| | 2. 2| Infrastructure| | 2. We will write a custom essay sample on India Fashion or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3| Bureaucracy and Corruption| | 2. 4| Import tariffs| | 2. 5| Engineering skills| | 2. 6| Entrepreneurship| | 2. 7| Trade imbalances and inflation| | 2. 8| Indian Political scene| | 2. 9| People| | 3| THE PATH FORWARD| | 4| INDIA’S FASHION INDUSTRY – TRULY GLOBALIZED? | | 4. 1| The Fashion Industry| | 4. 2| The Indian Fashion Industry| | 4. 2. 1| Factors driving growth| | . 2. 2| Local and Foreign players| | 4. 2. 3| Fashion design industry – an example of India’s design future| | 5| | | 5. 1| | | 5. 2| | | 5. 3| | | 5. 4| | | 5. 5| | | -| APPENDIX| | | | | INTRODUCTION India’s ‘design’ leap forward? Abstract India has always been a unique country and this is especially true of how its economy has developed. Rather than aggressively pushing for export growth or attracting foreign direct investment like China and most others in Asia, India’s unique setting, resources and boundaries led it to develop the service sector instead. Was this an ‘accidental’ development or a purposeful push by the government? If purposeful in nature, what drove the Indian government to take such an approach? In fact, what are the key drivers (or should be the key drivers) on a macro-economic level that determine a country’s developing path? In our paper, we would like to explore three areas specifically: The Indian government and its policy making, given infrastructure and institutions and finally India’s political base to see if a conclusion can be made with regards to its economic development. With this macro environment understanding in place, we would then like to look from a micro-economic level and analyze how businesses can succeed within the India service industry given this framework. The latter question will be answered while evaluating the rapidly growing Indian â€Å"desi† fashion industry as an example of the design future for Indian, which has become very much about focusing on the taste and preferences of locals in terms of design. Is there a way that foreign design firms might be able then compete given that the local companies are so in tuned with the local culture and tastes, not to mention cheaper? Would there be a way to educate the local consumers to adopt a ‘brand conscious’ mindset as the economy develops and the affluent community increases in size? Or will the culture remain a loyal to a ‘Made in India’ concept for the years to come and hence be a waste of time for foreign firms to try and break that mold. With this paper we will try to address these issues to draw a conclusion and recommendation on how best to approach entering this unique and challenging market. 1. INDIA’S UNIQUE ECONOMY – AN OVERVIEW India, with 1. 189 billion people (July 2011), is the second largest country behind China. Though only 30% of the total population is living in cities, the urbanization is taking place at 2. 4% per annum. Only 6% of the population is above 60 years. However, due to longer life expectancy at birth of 66. 8 years (2011), this segment is constantly growing. The population below 15 years remains relatively constant because on average every Indian woman is giving birth to 2. 6 children but with an infant mortality rate of 5%. It is important to mention that the working population age 15 to 59 will increase dramatically in the next five years from 720 to 800 million, seeking jobs and enlarging the economy. The government is spending 3. 1% of GDP on education in order to increase literacy rate (only 61% of Indians above the age of 15 can read and write) in order to prepare a young workforce to enter the labour market [Data based on CIA fact book 2011]. India and China were the biggest economies until approximately 200 years ago because they had the biggest populations and size was a dominant factor in economic output. Once the industrial revolution commenced in England in 1800s, followed by the information revolution in the late twentieth-century, mere size mattered less. First the Europeans, and then the Americans leveraged technology to increase GDP in absolute terms and on a per capita basis. Now, India and China are developing fast, and are moving up in the world in GDP terms. In 2010, India’s GDP in purchase parity was $3. 92 trillion and listed as fourth-largest economy in the world after the US, China and Japan. . FACETS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY 2. 1India in the last decade It is interesting to note that while services now make up more than 50% of the GDP of India, it wasn’t that long ago that India was also embarking on the conventional path towards an advance economy through the typical agriculture to manufacturing route. After all, Japan, then Taiwan and South Korea, and now China have demonstrated that manufacturing can accelerate development because its output can be exporte d to rich countries. However, in India’s case, while export and trade rules were relatively lax at the time, the domestic market was one where there were massive protectionism laws in place, so much so it became known as a ‘license raj’. At that point in time, India had just gained independence and eager to boost export growth while still protecting local industries and expertise. The reality was however, that this strategy was a failure and led to a much slower growth rate than its neighbour leading it soon to a brink of bankruptcy in 1991, despite the ‘Green revolution’ and massive growth of its agricultural segment. Looking back however, this phase might have actually ‘saved’ India and probably served as the platform where India’s true growth began. The Prime Minister then Narashimha Rao and Finance Minister Mammohan Singh, with fresh money from the IMF and conditions of the loan, engineered sweeping economic reforms throughout India which included steps to remove the ‘license raj’ that it had became. In tandem with this, tariffs were reduced along with interest rates. Many public monopolies were also removed, markets were opening up and automatic approvals for foreign investment were granted into many areas (but not all). The results from these reforms have been impactful. As mentioned in the earlier section, India is now the 4th largest economy by purchasing power parity and has been experiencing an average GDP growth rate of 8. 5% since 2005, making it second only to China in terms of growing economies. Additionally, despite the global economic slowdown, for FY11, India is still expected to achieve at least 7. 5% growth for its GDP. This is partially due to the fact that its domestic consumption is extremely strong and this helps to insulate it from external shocks. Looking a bit closer at the GDP split, one would find that services now make up the bulk of it, accounting for 56% of the GDP while the industrial and agricultural sectors represent 29% and 15% respectively as of 2010, a sharp turnaround for India when compared to the 1970s where agriculture used to be the shining star of growth, contributing close to 42% of the overall GDP. In addition, the contribution from the industry sector only increased from 21% to 29% during the last 40 years, which is very unimpressive when compared to the services sector. Source: Worldbank With the various reforms also comes increased foreign investment into the country. This has amounted to some 178 billion USD between 2000 and 2010, a massive jump from 1991 where it was only averaging USD $200 million per year before in FDIs. Among some of India’s key investors include Mauritius, Singapore and USA which rank 1st, 2nd and 3rd respectively, with interests in such investment obviously gaining ground given India’s significant potential and prospects of high profitability. As discussed above, the strong domestic consumption has led to a lot of overseas investment into the country and the government has been doing its share to promote such FDIs, through the continued removal of investment caps across all the industries. There still remain an unfinished agenda of permitting greater FDI in politically sensitive areas such as insurance and retailing, though at least for retailing, some steps have recently been taken to open this market. A deep dive into where this foreign investment is going also reveals, not surprisingly, that a substantial amount or about 23% of total FDI equity goes into the services sector, followed then by the IT and telecommunication segments. 2. 2Infrastructure An important element to take note of is that India’s economic growth stands on a weak foundation as highways, bridges and airports are not up to international standards. Average speed on highways is only 20 miles per hour due to road congestions and generally its roads are of poor quality. Economic losses resulting from such poor infrastructure are estimated to be $6 billion per year according to the Federal Planning Commission. In India, highways or expressways constitute only about 67,000 km and while this makes up only 2% of all roads, they carry 40% of the road traffic! The government has been trying to resolve this by setting up a multiple stage National Highway Development Project (NHDP) with its signature project â€Å"Golden Quadrilateral†. The goal of this project is to connect the most populous cities of Chennai, Bangalore, Pune and Mumbai. This has been partly completed in 2011 cutting the travel time on the 1335km route from Chennai to Mumbai from 90 hours to 48 hours (a significant 47% reduction). However, multiple check posts and mobile squads remain a source of corruption, not to mention traffic obstruction on highways and toll stations. Various entry restrictions into cities also slow down the transportation of goods. Since cargo traffic is estimated to grow by 15 – 18% annually, the Indian government is spending $78. 5 billion over the next five years and is additionally trying to attract foreign direct investments for road development projects, granting 100% income tax exemption for a period of 10 years to private investors. It is also disappointing that India’s vast railroad network of more than 60,000 km is not as effectively used for goods transportation as compared to China. One reason is a different standard of broad gauge (80%) and narrow auge (20%). The government has thankfully recognized this and is now investing $5 billion into building dedicated freight corridors in the Western and Eastern routes (Delhi – Mumbai and Delhi – Kolkata). More significantly, India has opened the freight transportation sector to competition erasing CONCOR’s previous monopoly of container movement by rail. Source: Worldbank database Power is another issue as many cities and economic zones suffer from unstable power supply along with shortages of fresh water. India is generating 122 Gigawatts of power from coal-fired plants (57%), hydro power (25%), gas (10%), nuclear power plants (3%) and 5% from renewable sources (wind, solar). There is a silver lining here though. While generation, transmission and distribution is in the hands of public sector companies or state electricity boards, the private sector companies and international players are increasingly investing in India’s energy sector (for example Tata Power has a capacity of 2,203 MW, China Light ; Power provides 655 MW). Unfortunately, despite these investments, there is still a large demand / supply gap of 7 to 12% according to Indian investment commission. It is also precisely because of its weak infrastructure that some foreign companies choose other countries in South East Asia, for example Thailand or Vietnam to set-up manufacturing sites. 2. 3Bureaucracy and Corruption Despite India’s best efforts to remove its ‘licence raj’ stigma, there still exists a fair amount of bureaucracy. The Indian Times summed it up aptly with an article it ran on 3rd June 2009, titled: India’s ‘suffocating bureaucracy’ worst in Asia! A survey by the Hong-Kong based Political and Economic Risk Consultancy (PERC) compared 12 Asian nations towards business friendliness.. Source: World Bank â€Å"Doing Business† Publication In the abovementioned article, 1,274 expatriates working in the 12 leading Asian nations found Singapore, Hong-Kong and Thailand to be the most efficient countries followed by South Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan, Vietnam, China, Philippines and Indonesia. India came in last with its bureaucracy described as â€Å"suffocating† and interaction with civil servants perceived as a â€Å"slow and painful process†. This is a serious issue not just for its reputation to the outside world, but also domestically. According to World Bank figures, India ranks among the world’s worst countries at encouraging entrepreneurs. India is ranked a lowly 166th out of 183 countries in terms of ease of starting a business and second last with regards to enforcing contracts. In addition to bureaucracy, India also suffers from an alarmingly high level of corruption. The 2011 Li-Na report reveals the following: Other organizations like Transparency International ranked India 73 out of the 102 countries in its Corruption Perception Index (2008) and the World Economic Forum positions India 44th amongst 49 countries surveyed. Over the past two decades since the end of the â€Å"license raj† in the 1990s, the Indian economy has gradually opened up along with the government’s relaxation on its tightly controlled policies. On the contrary, corruption in turn has become standard in most business processes. One would find the formal route of setting up a business extremely difficult in India and it is only through bribery that various processes can move or speed up. 2. 4Import Tariffs Despite steadily opening up its economy, India has however maintained high import tariffs, especially when compared with other countries. Before the 1990s, average tariffs exceeded 200% and quantitative restrictions on imports were extensive. Post 1990, India has been taking steps to cautiously reform tariffs and focus only on goods and services of highest necessity. This has resulted in India’s trade to GDP ratio increasing from 15% to 35% between 1990 and 2005 according to World Bank. Non-agricultural tariffs have fallen below 15% and quantitative restrictions on imports have been eliminated. However, that does not mean India is a completely free market as the government has maintained a degree of economic protectionism. For instance, agricultural tariffs remain between 30-40% and anti-dumping measures have been used to protect trade. There have also been numerous requests by the US to the Indian Ministry of Commerce to reduce tariffs on industrial goods, especially in key segments like commercial air lines. On the other hand, India has recently been pushing for a more liberal global trade regime, especially in services where it is strongest in. So India must find some way to reconcile the 2 issues here. 2. 5Engineering skills In 2008 approximately 350. 000 students graduated from college holding an engineering degree, 23,000 with a Masters degree in engineering and only 1,000 students were awarded with a PhD degree. These figures were estimates by Rangan Banerjee and Vinayak Purushottam Muley, both employed by the IIT in Bombay. The number of engineering graduates has been growing significantly over the last years and is now larger than in America. However quantity does not mean quality. According to a survey of local companies, only 4% of Indian’s engineers are immediately fit to work for software firms and only 18% are employable in the IT sector (McKinsey’s survey of international firms: 25% of graduates pass IT industry-specific requirements). Hiring companies need to put a lot of emphasis on training on the job in order to bring Indian engineers up to mark. 2. 6Entrepreneurship Author Raghav Bahl argues in his book â€Å"Super Power? † that the Indian entrepreneurship trumps the Chinese due to more private ownership, intense competition and high productivity in India. In his book he describes an interview with George Soros in December 2006, asking him about India’s competitive advantage over China. â€Å"Entrepreneurship! † was the answer. According to Soros, India had already brought up companies with world-class reputation (Tata, Infosys) which is something China lacks. According to the author â€Å"entrepreneurship is embedded in Indian genes† and he points to the communication industry which was liberalized approximately 15 years ago. Since then the number of TV channels and newspapers have exploded and the telecom industry has now 500 million customers and is adding 15 million per month under extreme competitive conditions. The tough competitive environment demands for high productivity. Since the private sector in India is footed on common law, entrepreneurs can act in a legal thus predictable framework without fearing expropriation. The result is that Indian’s private sector is booming and is only facing hindrances of the states bureaucracy and poor infrastructure. China, with its massive population, does have its fair share of entrepreneurs of course, but the business environment in China is even more challenging as compared to India. In China, the state and the numerous state-owned enterprises with their easy credit access, are the biggest enemies to the private sector. According to Marshall Meyer (Wharton Business School) â€Å"the government will always remain in control of the 100 largest firms in China†. The tight control limits competition and the drive towards higher productivity. 2. 7Trade imbalance and inflation Trade imbalance has always been a sore point for India where it has always suffered a trade deficit. Part of this can be explained by the strength of the domestic market and hence the reliance of the GDP growth on it. This trade deficit has however increased significantly over the years and currently stands at some USD $16 billion as of August 2011. Together with this, annual Inflation has also increased significantly and is currently standing at close to 10% in 2011, way above the generally acceptable levels of 6%. This rise in inflation is despite the India Central bank’s efforts to contain this through multiple interest rate hikes. However, India’s inflation is caused more by structural factors in the economy, including some discussed above like poor infrastructure, lack of skilled workers and low productivity in agriculture – which will require major policy reforms to tackle, rather than simply increasing interest rate. All these factors combined can pose a significant challenge for India moving forward. Inflation does not just affect the cost of goods for the domestic market and hence affordability. It also affects the strength of the Rupee, India’s national currency. The strength of the rupee has been steadily decreasing over the years compared against the dollar and this in the long term would affect India’s competitiveness. Granted, India is still very much a consumption led market. When compared with many Asian emerging economies, this advantage has narrowed down over the years, especially given the fact that India now imports almost two thirds of its oil requirements from overseas markets. Additionally, while the overseas debt has gone up to $306 billion at the end of March 2011 from $221 billion at the end of March 2008, the cushion of foreign exchange reserves was stable and decreased slightly to $305 billion from $310 billion over the same period, which is a worrying trend. The main reason why internal public debt has increased in India during in the last decades was the requirement of funds to finance various developmental programmes as both tax and non-tax revenues were totally inadequate to finance the government expenditure. The external public debt in India Increased significantly during 1961-2004 as it was utilized to make import payments and solve balance of payment problems. The tremendous rise in total public debt in India during 1991-2004 provides an alarming signal to Indian economy. 2. 8Indian Political scene India’s political scene has always been an interesting one. It is the world’s largest democracy where literally everyone has a voice and this has on more than one occasion, resulted in slow and costly decision making. While there is a central government in place comprising of the standard hierarchy of politicians and parliament, the states themselves also have their own legislative environment, which differ greatly from one another due to the significant autonomy that they continue to enjoy. In terms of political parties, there are 2 main coalitions: The Indian National Congress (current ruling party) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). As such, it is unfortunate to note that while Indian National Congress has a majority in the current ruling government and even control some state assemblies, it has failed since to implement any significant reform programs. This is in part due to the complex nature of the Indian political scene, but more important than that is the amount of time and energy spent to manage several high profile corruption cases, the most significant of which (as discussed above) was for the 2010 Commonwealth games and the auctioning of the 2G wireless spectrum. As such, while India has built up a profile of being a hot bed for FDI, this volatile political scene has also detracted some countries like the UAE from investing as well. 2. 9People As a last part of India’s growth story, we also thought it be interesting to explore if the lives have improved over the years as well. After all, a key part of growth is to ensure the people’s standard of living goes up. There are bright spots of course. Gross income per capita has experienced astonishing growth, reaching USD $,219 in 2010, up from close to USD $400 back in 2000, in line with the growth of India to some extent. This represents almost 14% growth on average over the last 10 years. However, such massive growth is not without its problems. The middle class has exploded within India, reaching 32% of the overall population in 2010, and while the service segment has boomed, it only accounts for 20% of total employment in India. Majority of the people are still farmers by trade, working within the agriculture segment that is protected within India but now only accounts for 15% of its overall GDP. In addition, according to the registrar of India, the number of young adults aged between 15 and 50 years will reach 800 million by 2016. This means that the number of people entering the workforce will shoot up dramatically over the next few years. The question then is where are the new jobs going to come from? It is not a realistic expectation for the service segment to dramatically increase employment by another 20 points and the manufacturing segment isn’t growing fast enough to contain this population, which in China has taken on the main bulk of the employment. . THE PATH FORWARD As per the introduction, this paper will attempt to argue that India should look to develop another industry – the Design industry. Why such a specialized segment? What is critical for both India and its MNCs is the ability to build a global brand. There are 2 typical routes taken by companies to establish themselves are as shown below: Route A is the more conservative approach where a co mpany looks to develop a consistent revenue stream before embarking on its own brand. Route B, while more risky, brings much faster rewards should one be successful as seen from the likes of HTC and Giordano. The profits reaped however are quite significantly different. Just simply becoming an ODM, yields a 6% increase in terms of margin when compared to just being a simple OEM, primarily because of the additional value one can bring. Requires market and technology competencies Becoming a design hub would also enable India to grow its manufacturing segment at a much faster pace. India has the potential to become a complete solution provider – it is already strong in consultancy and services not to mention a big pool of engineers and scientists, and it has a lot of land available to set up manufacturing plants. Plus it has a large and still relatively low cost labour market. Hence, domestic players who are strong in the services piece can build up its manufacturing capabilities quite easily to up the ante. International firms who already have plants in India, can tap onto the big brain pool and potentially bring lots more RD investment into India. So in terms of helping India grow both from a brand and FDI perspective, we felt that becoming a design hub is key. Additionally, design is really the driver of profits as it is the key differentiator for a lot of products, which in turn lead to higher price points and consumer willingness to pay. Apple and its iPhone is the perfect example of this. The great part about all this is that design innovation can cross all industries from automotive to design to FMCGs etc, which also means it is not a niche segment that will fizzle out after a period of time. The question is what should India do to develop this segment quickly and effectively, and the rest of the paper will be devoted to that using fashion as a case for analysis. 4. INDIA’S FASHION INDUSTRY – TRULY GLOBALISED? 4. 1The Fashion Industry The world’s fashion industry was born together with modernisation, even though fashion has been in existence for more than five thousand years. And with industrialisation, continuous technological advancements and global capitalisation from the 20th century onwards, the fashion industry has contributed to a significant share of the world’s output. A study on emerging fashion markets showed that India, amongst countries like South Africa, the UAE, Singapore, Russia and Brazil had emerged as a new and unique player in this global industry since year 2000. In many of these countries, one of the key growth drivers identified was actually government support. Others mentioned are factors such increased awareness of international brands and higher demand for fashion as countries globalised (Grial Research Sep 2009). For India, the government had not played any key role in its emergence in the fashion industry. We would want to explore what the key drivers are, and how they can be used to plot Indian fashion on the global success map. In Asia, China is the biggest apparel and fashion market with domestic clothing sales worth US$33. 1 billion in year 2008 (Price Waterhouse Coopers report). As the Chinese are relatively more brand conscious than most Asians, the high-end fashion market is actually dominated by key brand names of US, Europe, Japan and Korea in China. As for India, it is the third largest in apparel market after China and Japan ($31. 8 billion – Willy Barker. com) with US$5. 8 billion (PWC report). Refer to Chart A. With experts looking to the fashion industry in Asia for good growth potential, China and India are expected to have double-digit growth in sales in the next two years. 4. 2The Indian Fashion Industry In a McKinsey report on India’s fast-growing apparel market, India’s apparel sales was expected to reach an estimated US$25 billion by end of year 2010 (McKinsey Jun 2010). In fact, apparel is the second largest retail category (behind food and groceries), and this growth of double digits showed that the great potential of this industry will continue to see strong and positive expansionistic opportunities. With that we do expect to see faster growth in the Indian fashion industry. How true is that? In order to know whether it can be true, we will need to understand the underlying factors, key drivers and perhaps the ways of overcoming constraints of this industry. In addition, it is important to look from inside out as well as outside in and explore whether Indian fashion can be truly globalised and whether foreign industry players stand a chance in penetrating the Indian market. All in all, with potential growth in Indian fashion design, it will push its manufacturing requirements, and truly globalize Indian fashion as well as setting pace and example in an important industry for India to carry through from design innovation throughout all industries, just like fashion design is trying to do. . 2. 1Factors driving growth Indeed there are several key drivers which drove, and most of these will probably continue to drive the local domestic fashion industry to greater heights. These can be grouped into 3 key areas; mainly the increasing disposable income of Indians with economic growth driving GDP per capita from US$329 in 1991 (Wiki) to an expected US$2,110 by year 2016 (refer to Chart B); 1991 2016 2010 Indian youth’s behaviours and exp ectations of fashion; as well as Indian-Western fusion and influence. These are definitely interrelated and formed a powerful driving force which will continue to shape the Indian fashion industry, as well as how Indian fashion can be truly globalized. Figure A on the main growth drivers for Indian fashion industry Real average household disposable income in India has more than doubled since 20 years ago by about US$2,000 per household (Earthpulse). In addition, the middle class portion is expected to continue a significant growth rate and this will create a robust consumer market internally in India. With stronger purchasing power, fashion products will definitely see faster growth as such goods have been proven to be demanded as people become richer. Latest figures (refer to Chart C) show that comparing year 2007 through to year 2010, India’s gross and disposable income has grown by almost 50%, and with this comes prospering urban consumer lifestyle which push for stronger demand for fashion, given more social opportunities as Indians evolved to have richer tastes and improved social and work lives. At 29% of population residing in cities, India has one of the lowest urbanisation rates in the world (McKinsey report), and this shows the potential upward growth as Indians continue to stream into the urbanised cities to work and live, and with that will continue to demand strongly for new styles and fashions in order to stay relevant to the rest of the more developed societies, which is part and parcel of urbanization and changing cultures in growing ad developing countries. Also, with higher disposable income, it pushes more businesses, both foreign and local enterprises to expand in hope of being first movers in many areas and aspects of fashion such that they will be the preferred brands or choices as Indians grow richer by the day. As such, larger shopping malls are opening and many are focussing on apparels and other fashionable items. In addition, with the increase in the usage of credit cards with more Indians holding jobs in bigger companies, there is no doubt that this factor will continue to drive consumer demand, and definitely the fashion industry growth. The second driver is really the change in the demographics of the Indian population. With better education, younger age groups, more exposure to foreign ideas and stuff through growing internet users and all, the youthful Indian population (in comparison with aging societies of Japan and China) have refreshed the fashion and apparels market with fresh and new ideas, and as a result, even traditional costumes such as saris are modernised and being worn differently, and India has also seen many renowned designers on the international scene. Coupled with things like the launch of new programs and courses in various Indian schools, such as Indian School of Business launched â€Å"Business of Fashion: Strategic Brand Management†, there is much greater promotion of fashion and push of local designers and the industry to an international level. Rising affluence of the younger generation has also increased the brand awareness of Indian consumers, thus helping India moving closer to the Chinese standards of brand consciousness, giving rise to the vibrancy of the fashion industry. Hence, as India’s economy continues to grow stronger, and with the help of a sustainable youthful population, the Indian fashion industry can be boosted with much more international exposure and clientele, thus truly globalizing this industry to attract and promote Indian fashion products and output internationally to a greater level of competitiveness. Another important driver is really the fusion of Indian and Western tastes and perhaps some parts of culture, which has gradually influence the lives and lifestyles of Indian nationals. This can be attributed to several reasons such as the ever growing number of foreign multinational companies setting up branches and even regional headquarters in India; the â€Å"bombardment† of foreign television programs, all thanks to cable TV, as well as movies and the Internet which played a big role in educating and updating Indians of the latest global fashions and trends; many more Indians receiving education overseas as compared to previous 20 years. As a result, this mixing of the East and West has also provided a unique Indian fashion line and trend which has given foreign fashion lines a run for their money. Also, Indians themselves for opting for more Western, especially American and European styles of fashion as compared to traditional clothing, although it will still take many decades and generations to dilute the traditional Indian clothing. This fusion is essential for Indians to embrace the fast pace changes that we are seeing in the fashion industry globally, and enable them to quickly adapt and even be able to set trends for the future. 4. 2. 2Local and foreign players Being one of the oldest civilisations in the world, Indian fashion has combined tradition, culture and modernisation to become an emerging market since year 2000. Fusions of Indian and Western styles have dominated the catwalks of India’s various fashion weeks, which have become popular and saw strong demands locally and overseas. Since year 2000, India has organised an increasing number of fashion weeks, such as Delhi fashion week and Lakme India Fashion Week, which are annual events showcasing the works of the nation’s best fashion designers. This has attracted local and foreign purchasers, facilitating business opportunities as well as giving local talents the platform to globalise their designs. Lakme 13th India Fashion week which attracted many buyers both locally and abroad With recognition and the foresight of continuous strong growth, in year 2008, a group of established Indian designers founded the Fashion Foundation of India (FFI) and it aims to help all local designers and the fashion industry grow internationally. At a particular Delhi’s fashion week, about 70 out of 150 buyers came from abroad, and this numbers continues to grow as more overseas buyers recognized the popularity of Indian fashion. With the local scene doing well with their local product designs, given that more and more Indian grown companies are also moving into the fashion and apparels markets, such as ITC (Imperial Tobacco Company of India Ltd) creating Wills Lifestyle with 61 stores in 34 states, Trent, Reliance Retail, Indiabulls, etc. , the fashion and apparel sector are bound to see double digit growth for the next 5 to 10 years, and this is a boom for the apparel manufacturing industry indeed. In addition, India is attracting foreign investment in fashion as well. We see the country being a focus for Inditex, the Spanish clothing retailer which opened 25 Zara shops in year 2010 in partnership with the Tata group. Another international renowned fashion company who had made their debut in India since a few years ago opened its third store in Mumbai selling international as well as local designs which includes exclusive sari designs which sold for between USD $6,000 to $8,000 each piece, targeting at the expanding luxury market in India. Although Hermes (French) did not divulge whether their sari designers are locals, but from the design, it appeared obvious that Indian designers would definitely had played a key role. Hermes is definitely not the only company that had launched Indian collections. Other luxury brands like Tod’s (Italian) and Prada have gone into the market with the â€Å"Indian touch† of silk satin clutches, woven sandals and embroidered cotton dresses which are typically made in India! From the above, we can see that there is very strong foreign interest in Indian design and thereafter manufacturing in fashion products locally as most foreign players see the great potential of Indian consumer market given its strong growth in GDP per capita and other factors as already discussed earlier. The challenge for these global brands will be how they can translate the interest and investments into successes. One area is of course trade barriers which should see changes if the Indian government wish to liberalize this sector further. 4. 2. Fashion design industry – an example of India’s design future Confidence is for sure to be going the positive way as even the world’s leading fashion and style consultancy firm, WGSN, had set foot in India with the intention to partner with the Indian fashion industry to identify the opportunities and the process to become a global player. WGSN had planned to focus on the whole fleet which included fashion designers, m anufacturers and retailers by helping them move up the value chain to tap on more and bigger opportunities both in the local scene as well as in the global fashion design industry. As quoted in an Economist article on Indian fashion design future, it stated that â€Å"It is India’s potential as a source of future design stars that attracts the foreigners†. Many foreign players are really looking for that â€Å"polished diamond†, i. e. designs or designers, which are able to combine Western cuts with India’s talent for embellishment and its famously fine textiles. However, many Indian designers also lack the organisational skills and infrastructure needed to handle large orders. But as Indian designers attract investors, their business skills will no doubt improve. And as discussed in the macro analysis earlier, there are many constraints atypical in hindering exponential growth which basically applies in impending the faster growth in the Indian fashion industry as well. These are constraints such as poor infrastructure, inflexible labour laws, even the difficulty of growing from small to big because of conservative banking systems, etc. We can see that more has to be done for the fashion design industry, which will be further elaborated in the next section of this paper. Depending on current fashion institutes, and push from Indian domestic designers such as Rina Dhaka, Anamika Khanna and Manish Arora who have gained some success in the international scene and are trying to push more for this industry through creation of associations like FFI (Fashion Foundation of India), this will still not be sufficient in growing faster unless the government re-look at their own strategies and is able to see the importance of the fashion design industry in driving both the fashion industrial and service sectors, as well as to put a name for India in international fashion arena. With this, we draw parallel to other Indian industries (IT, Healthcare, Higher-end consumables) which too can ride on design to bring about a positive and effective change in the value chain of India, and as such may bring India to the next level in climbing up the ladder of being the world’s main heavy weight in economic power in competition with China. An example which can show how many are envisioning this trend and are trying to ride on the bandwagon to perhaps have first mover’s advantage is the fact that IDEO, the world’s top design and innovation consultancy firm, has landed in India. It is pretty obvious that IDEO has recognised the potential of India and Indians being groomed to put design and innovation in their move to grow the economy exponentially All of IDEO’s work is done in consideration of the capabilities of our clients and the needs of their customers. As we iterate toward a final solution, we assess and reassess our designs. Our goal is to deliver appropriate, actionable, and tangible strategies. The result: new, innovative avenues for growth that are grounded in business viability and market desirability. Extract: IDEO’s website And it is truly what the Indian government can concentrate on, and that is to use design and innovation as key drivers in improving the performance of both the local industrial and service sectors, which will in turn improve the Indian economy tremendously and the lives of Indians with more jobs and economic stability, moving from Third World to First World country for all Indian humanity. 5. COMPARISON WITH CHINA The ancient Chinese strategist and philosopher, Sun Tze has once said â€Å"if you know the enemy and know yourself, you need to fear the result of a hundred battles†. This also applied for India in order to formula its strategy in developing the design industry. In the previous section, we have done the detailed analysis about Indian economic and the direction for its economic development direction, in this section we will discuss how should India compete in the global market. Firstly of all, we shall identify India’s main competitor in the individual industry. For the manufacturing industry, base on the market size, India’s main competitors are mainly China, Japan and Korea, which are mainly within the same geographical area. For the service industry, India’s main competitors are mainly USA, China. For the design industry, India’s main competitors are Italy, USA, China. As we can tell that, in each of the industry, China is the overall main competitor for India. Since China and India both are leaders in the emerging market countries, both are having similar competitive advantages (massive labor resource, cheap but high skill workers, high GDP growth etc), there are more and more competitions between the two. A further analysis shows that China has already made a leap in the development of its design industry. Referring to the Forbes global 2000 companies list, we can tell that there are few Indian companies in the product renovation relevant industry, the majority of the listed Indian companies are in the Banking industry, Steel Manufacturing Industry and Natural resource related Industry; however, there are many Chinese companies in the list are famous for their product innovation ; design, for example, Lenovo Group is the global leader in PC design ; manufacturing industry, ZTE is famous for its network equipment design ; innovation and TCL is famous for the electronic appliance innovation and design. In order for India to compete in the manufacturing with the leap of design industry, we think that it is reasonable for India to study how China developed its design industry, and base on the comparison, Indian may take some lesson learn from China. Chinese government recognizes the importance of design ; innovation in 1980s. Since then, the government has taking stepping in helping to develop its design industry. Basically, China takes 3 steps to develop its design industry. The first step is to establish the education system for the industry. In 1984, China setup the first design course in Hunan University, Since then, there are more any and more students graduated with major in industry design or fashion design. Till now there are nearly 10. 000 students graduated with major in industrial design from 400 colleges every year. This large talent pool provides an enhanced support for China to develop its design industry. This is also one of the major factor that many multinational design related companies are setting up its design innovation centre or R;D centre in China. The second step is to establish the design industry network across the country. China has established 34 design associations all over. There are more than 30 design festivals and nearly 50 seminars in China every year, many of these events are sponsored by the Chinese government. The government also encourage and promoting the design ; innovation by introduce country wide awards to motivate designers. For example, since 2005, the government established the honoured activities selecting â€Å"China Top Ten Outstanding Young Designers† every year. Also, since 2006, the government establish the national industrial design award â€Å"Red Star† annually. The third step is to support the Local companies and projects. The government has made plans to introduce national support to develop the fashion ; design industry by providing funding for design projects. There are also government policies to encourage design related firms to develop. Overall, China has achieved progressive result in developing its design industry. In 2009, Chinese government produced an advertisement of a international image promoting â€Å"Made in China† brand and aired on CNN Asia. This ad is deliberately made to rebuild and strengthen the â€Å"Made in China† reputation. However, it also shows that China has taking he product branding into a national level, the government may be is aiming for promote â€Å"Design in China† in the near future. 6. PATH TO VICTORY? India may take reference in Chinese government leading example in development its design industry. Base on the previous discuss, we think India should recognize the need for the country to development its design industry, at the mean time learn from its competitors and apply the strategies according to its own market needs. Referring to China’s strategies, there are four recommendations we think Indian may consider: The first recommendation is that Indian should support the design education. Although there are two global top design schools in India, however, there are not many schools offering design as a specialization. Even within the two top schools, there are reports shows that the facilities for design faculty are very limited and students do not have exposal to the international design industry. We think that Indian should recognize that in order to develop the industry, there must be enough talents available. Indian government may consider the following strategies to support the design education. 1. The government can identify several schools in each state to introduce to design course. The government should consider provide funds for the school to recruits staff either from the industry or from overseas. 2. The government should encourage the internal national design company to open branch office in India. This local operation of the overseas design company will generate the market demand for the design talents and attract more youngster to take the design related courses. 3. The government should establish international activities to provide international exposal to Indian schools and the students. The second recommendation is that India should consider establishing its design network across the country. India is also a big country; it should also consider establishing the design association in each state. We understand that for India, the local state government may have more resource and authority in local development; we recommend the central government to provide the policy to guide the local state government to encourage a close connection between design associations in each state. The third recommendation is that India should consider establishing a regional design centre. In this way, India may take the opportunity to link the work design industry with the design centre and spread to each state across the country. One city India can consider to label as the design centre is Bombay, since Bombay is named as the commercial ; entertainment capital. The fourth recommendation is that the India government should consider encouraging the local companies to develop its design and innovation strength. The government may provide the funding support for design projects. This will help the Indian companies to development a sustainable model. Price + Value In order for a business to sustain, there are basically four key factors: investment, productivity, human development and product quality. The education support in recommendation 1 will help to provide a sufficient high skill work force for the company to develop its design arm. The initial government funding will provide the investment for the company to develop the product design and innovation. The introduction of the new drive force for the product design ; innovation will contribute to the increased value in the product quality and increase the productivity. The business sustainability will also help to sustain the design industry to develop. APPENDIX for references 1) http://zeenews. india. com/news/nation/india-s-suffocating-bureaucracy-worst-in-asia-survey_536445. tml 2) http://www. li. com/attachments/EntrepreneursIndia2011. pdf 3) http://online. wsj. com/article/SB10001424052970204479504576639233537716542. html#project%3DISTARTUP1011%26articleTabs%3Darticle 4) http://business-standard. com/india/news/us-wants-india-to-decrease-tariffsindustrial-goods/374667/ 5) http://web. worldbank. org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTR IES/SOUTHASIA 6) http://www. forbes. com/2010/10/13/india-china-entrepreneur-markets-economy-raghav-bahl-book-excerpt. html 7) http://www. li. com/attachments/EntrepreneursIndia2011. pdf 8) http://en. wikipedia. org/ ) Grail research on Global Fashion Industry – Growth in Emerging Markets (Sep 2009) 10) http://www. merinews. com/ – Article on Indian fashion industry becomes global (2nd Mar 2008) 11) McKinsey ; Company reports a. India’s fast-growing apparel market (Jun 2010) b. Made in India – The next big manufacturing export story 12) http://blogs. wsj. com/indiarealtime/2011/10/12/hermes-goes-local-with-india-sari-launch/ 13) Forbes – Fast Fashion Zara in India (29th Jul 2010) 14) Price Waterhouse Coopers – Strong and Steady 2011 Outlook for the Retail and Consumer Products Sector in Asia 15) http://willslifestyle. om/Season21/lounge. html 16) http://www. earthpulse. com/ PARKING LOT Easy access to credits for the private sector i did not write anything about it! ——————————————– [ 1 ]. http://www. forbes. com/global2000/ [ 2 ]. http://www. chinahush. com/2009/12/02/made-in-china-ad-campaign-and-its-secrets/ [ 3 ]. http://nitawriter. wordpress. com/2007/12/11/india-has-two-of-the-best-design-schools-in-the-world/ How to cite India Fashion, Papers

Much Ado about Something Essay Example For Students

Much Ado about Something Essay Much Ado about SomethingMy opinion about the movie, Much Ado about Nothing, is that it was a very good movie. This movie had just about everything that makes a movie good. It had drama, romance, action, and most importantly it had comedy. This movie is one of the funniest movies I have ever seen. Even though they spoke in Shakespearean language, the characters expressions were enough to make anyone rollover and laugh. The cast of the movie was well organized, because every one of them played the part as if the movie was written for them. Much Ado about Nothing is a very good movie because it is dramatic, romantic, and funny. The drama in this movie was very thick and plentiful. Especially when the Princes brother, Don John, was trying to stop Claudio from marrying his love Hero. The trouble he caused was very sinister. He put peoples lives in danger without even caring about their feelings. The tension between Benedick and Beatrice also setup some drama, which subsequently made the movie very enjoyable and funny. The battle between man and woman was well represented by the two characters. This movie was very romantic. This is the type of movie that I would love to take my girlfriend to go watch. It touches the romantic side of anyone who watches it, but it isnt too cheesy either so guys will like it. Claudio and Heros love for each other made the movie very romantic. It seemed as if they would die for each others love if it came to it. Yet, they werent always in each others faces kissing and hugging and this made the romance scenes bearable to watch. Though, the romance affair between Benedick and Beatri ce made the movie well worth seeing, because it was one of the funniest parts of the movie. Their love affair was more like a struggle then it was a romance. The cast for this movie was great also. It seemed as if the roles were specifically written for the cast. Denzel Washington played a very good Prince, and as well did Robert Sean Leonard playing young Claudio. Michael Keatons roll as Dogberry was the funniest character in the movie. He seemed to relish in playing the greasy and dirty constable. One of the best actors that I think made the characters come alive was probably Kenneth Thompson who played Benedick. His acting was superior to the others because it seemed like he was very into his role. His character stood out from all the others. In conclusion, I think that this movie was very good movie in all. It had a lot of things that didnt make it boring once. Its got drama, romance, action, and comedy. All of these things can usually make a movie worth seeing. I liked the movie because it was one of the funniest movies I have seen in awhile, and I will always recommend it to my friends. The cast who played the rolls was very good, and they made the story come alive. Therefore, I think Much Ado about Nothing is a very good movie because it is dramatic, romantic, and funny.